705 clinical cases with an AI patient
Free to start: 30 free AI patient cases, then 10 free foreverOSCE cases for MD, DO and PA students, nursing case studies and EMS scenarios, each one tied to the official exam content areas. Open a case to see what it trains, then practice it with an AI patient: talk or type, examine, and get an AI-scored checklist.
Showing 725 of 725 cases
Fall risk at home, older adult
Older man with diabetes and neuropathy seen after a fall, fall-risk assessment.
Nursing Case StudyParkinson disease, home safety
Man with moderate Parkinson disease after a fall on the stairs.
Nursing Case Study FreeHypoglycemia at school
Teen with type 1 diabetes who fainted in gym class.
Nursing Case StudyAnaphylaxis in a child
Child with peanut allergy reacting at school.
Nursing Case StudyTuberculosis, contact with symptoms
Adult with cough after travel, found during TB contact tracing.
Nursing Case StudyADHD with weight loss
Boy with ADHD losing weight on a stimulant.
Nursing Case StudyEctopic pregnancy
Young woman with severe lower abdominal pain and spotting.
Nursing Case Study FreeFebrile seizure
Toddler brought in after a seizure with high fever.
Nursing Case StudyGestational diabetes
Pregnant woman with high glucose on her screening test.
Nursing Case StudyIntimate partner violence in pregnancy
Pregnant woman with a fall story and signs of abuse.
Nursing Case StudyNeonatal jaundice
Newborn with yellow skin and poor feeding on day 3.
Nursing Case Study FreeNewborn respiratory distress
Home-born newborn with grunting and retractions.
Nursing Case StudyIntussusception
Toddler with episodes of crying, vomiting and bloody mucus stool.
Nursing Case StudySickle cell pain crisis
Child with sickle cell disease, leg pain and low oxygen after a cold.
Nursing Case StudyChild with diarrhea and dehydration
Young child with diarrhea and moderate dehydration.
Nursing Case StudyPoststreptococcal glomerulonephritis
Boy with puffy face and tea-colored urine after strep throat.
Nursing Case Study FreePreeclampsia with magnesium toxicity
Pregnant woman with severe-range blood pressure on magnesium.
Nursing Case StudyPostpartum hemorrhage
Woman bleeding heavily after a cesarean birth.
Nursing Case StudyPain after abdominal surgery
Man back from colon surgery with severe pain and fast breathing.
Nursing Case StudyAnorexia nervosa with dehydration
Teen with an eating disorder who faints on standing.
Nursing Case StudyCatheter-associated urinary tract infection
Older woman after hip replacement with a catheter, fever and new confusion.
Nursing Case StudyDeep vein thrombosis
Man with a swollen, warm, painful calf.
Nursing Case StudyDehydration with Alzheimer and delirium
Older woman with Alzheimer admitted dry, who becomes agitated.
Nursing Case StudyElectroconvulsive therapy, consent and recovery
Spanish-speaking man before and after ECT.
Nursing Case StudyNeuroleptic malignant syndrome
Patient on an antipsychotic with high fever and rigid muscles.
Nursing Case StudyOpioid overdose in the waiting room
Man treated for cellulitis found unresponsive with slow breathing.
Nursing Case StudyPost-operative atelectasis
Man two days after appendectomy with low oxygen and low-grade fever.
Nursing Case StudyPost-traumatic stress disorder
Veteran with PTSD, nightmares, job loss and passive suicidal thoughts.
Nursing Case StudyPressure injury in a wheelchair user
Man with paraplegia and a heel wound.
Nursing Case StudyOpioid withdrawal after surgery
Man in recovery from opioid use, out of pain pills after appendectomy.
Nursing Case StudySuicide attempt by overdose
Young woman after an intentional oxycodone overdose who wants to leave.
Nursing Case StudyTardive dyskinesia
Man on an antipsychotic with new tongue thrusting and tremor.
Nursing Case StudyTransfusion reaction
Patient with itching, fever and back pain during a blood transfusion.
Nursing Case StudyUrinary tract infection with delirium
Older widow admitted dehydrated, with fever, incontinence and new confusion.
Nursing Case StudyAcute asthma attack
Young man with worsening wheeze and tripod position after smoke exposure.
Nursing Case StudyAcute respiratory distress syndrome
Older woman in the ICU who fails high-flow oxygen and needs a ventilator.
Nursing Case StudyLymphedema after mastectomy
Woman with a swollen, numb right arm after breast cancer surgery.
Nursing Case StudyBurns of both legs
Woman with second and third degree leg burns from a house fire.
Nursing Case StudyCOPD with pneumonia
Man with emphysema, rust-colored sputum, fever and low oxygen.
Nursing Case StudyCOPD exacerbation
Smoker with emphysema, barrel chest and worsening shortness of breath.
Nursing Case StudyChest pain, STEMI
Man with crushing chest pain to the left arm and ST elevation.
Nursing Case StudyCompartment syndrome under a cast
Young woman after tibia surgery with pain out of proportion under a cast.
Nursing Case StudyPulmonary embolism after DVT
Man with a DVT who suddenly gets sharp chest pain and low oxygen.
Nursing Case StudyPeritoneal dialysis peritonitis
Woman on home peritoneal dialysis with fever, belly pain and cloudy fluid.
Nursing Case StudyGastroesophageal reflux
Man with epigastric pain and vomiting at night.
Nursing Case StudyHIV with Pneumocystis pneumonia
Young man with HIV off treatment, dry cough, fever and low oxygen.
Nursing Case StudyHeart failure, worsening
Older man with worsening heart failure at a routine clinic visit.
Nursing Case StudyDiabetic ketoacidosis
Older man with diabetes, confusion, fruity breath and deep breathing.
Nursing Case StudyLiver failure with hepatic encephalopathy
Man with alcohol-related cirrhosis, ascites and confusion.
Nursing Case StudyBleeding after prostatectomy
Man after robotic prostatectomy with red catheter urine and falling pressure.
Nursing Case StudySpine surgery with saturated dressing
Woman after lumbar laminectomy with a soaked dressing and a non-working drain.
Nursing Case StudyIschemic stroke
Young woman with sudden left-sided weakness and headache after a run.
Nursing Case StudyTension pneumothorax
Car crash patient with absent breath sounds, falling pressure and tracheal shift.
EMS Scenario FreeOlder man feeling weak (full assessment)
Primary and secondary survey of a vague medical call.
EMS ScenarioDeaf patient with a service dog
Fall in a deaf woman who uses sign language and a service dog.
EMS ScenarioRefusal after hypoglycemia treatment
Diabetic man treated for low sugar who wants to refuse transport.
EMS Scenario FreeSyncope
Woman who fainted in church, with a slow heart rhythm.
EMS Scenario FreeSTEMI in the field
Man with chest pressure; STEMI alert from the field.
EMS ScenarioSymptomatic bradycardia
Dizzy man with a heart rate of 32.
EMS ScenarioPatient with an LVAD
Man with a left ventricular assist device who feels faint and has an alarm.
EMS Scenario FreeSupraventricular tachycardia
Young woman with sudden palpitations and a heart rate of 210.
EMS ScenarioStroke in the field
Man with sudden slurred speech and right weakness, last known well 40 minutes ago.
EMS ScenarioAbdominal pain, ruptured aortic aneurysm
Older man with sudden belly and back pain and a pulsatile mass.
EMS ScenarioSuspected child abuse
Toddler with injuries that don't match the story.
EMS ScenarioAgitated patient with excited delirium
Agitated, hot, sweaty man fighting police.
EMS ScenarioAnaphylaxis from a bee sting
Adult stung by a bee with hives, wheezing and low pressure.
EMS ScenarioAltered mental status, unknown cause
Unresponsive woman found at home: run the AEIOU-TIPS.
EMS ScenarioBack pain with red flags
Man with back pain, leg weakness and numbness in the saddle area.
EMS ScenarioHospice patient in distress
Hospice patient with cancer, short of breath; family unsure what to do.
EMS ScenarioHyperglycemic hyperosmolar state
Older woman, very high sugar, dehydrated and confused.
EMS ScenarioHypoglycemia, unresponsive
Insulin-treated man found unresponsive; no IV access.
EMS ScenarioNausea and vomiting, inferior MI hidden
Older diabetic woman with vomiting who is having a heart attack.
EMS ScenarioPain management, hip fracture
Older woman with a shortened, rotated leg after a fall.
EMS ScenarioStatus epilepticus
Man seizing for 7 minutes.
EMS ScenarioSeptic shock
Nursing home resident with fever, low pressure and mottled skin.
EMS ScenarioSickle cell crisis, adult
Adult with sickle cell disease and severe joint pain.
EMS ScenarioCardiac arrest, ventricular fibrillation
Witnessed collapse in an office with VF on the monitor.
EMS ScenarioPost-cardiac arrest care
Patient with return of circulation after VF: keep him stable.
EMS ScenarioObvious death
Person found with signs incompatible with life.
EMS ScenarioCardiac arrest with a DNR order
Arrest in a woman with a valid DNR.
EMS ScenarioTermination of resuscitation
Unwitnessed arrest in asystole after 25 minutes of ALS.
EMS ScenarioTraumatic cardiac arrest
Stabbing victim who loses his pulse.
EMS ScenarioBRUE in an infant
Infant who briefly stopped breathing and turned blue, now normal.
EMS ScenarioBronchiolitis in an infant
Infant with a cold, fast breathing and retractions.
EMS ScenarioCroup
Child with barking cough and stridor at night.
EMS ScenarioNeonatal resuscitation
Newborn not breathing after a home birth.
EMS ScenarioImminent childbirth
Woman in active labor, crowning at home.
EMS ScenarioEclampsia
Pregnant woman seizing at 36 weeks.
EMS ScenarioThird-trimester bleeding
Pregnant woman with painful bleeding and a hard uterus.
EMS ScenarioAirway management, unresponsive patient
Unresponsive man with snoring respirations who needs an airway.
EMS ScenarioAcute pulmonary edema
Older woman gasping, pink frothy sputum, high blood pressure.
EMS ScenarioVentilator patient transfer
Interfacility transport of an intubated patient whose pressures rise.
EMS ScenarioBlocked tracheostomy
Child with a tracheostomy in respiratory distress.
EMS ScenarioFall from a ladder, multi-system trauma
Roofer fell 4 meters, chest and leg injuries.
EMS ScenarioBlast injury
Worker near a gas explosion with ear and chest symptoms.
EMS ScenarioBurns, field care
Man with arm and chest burns from a grill flare-up.
EMS ScenarioCrush injury
Worker pinned under a pallet for 2 hours.
EMS ScenarioSevere arm bleeding
Deep forearm laceration from a broken window, spurting blood.
EMS ScenarioFacial trauma with airway risk
Assault victim with facial fractures and bleeding in the mouth.
EMS ScenarioHead injury
Cyclist hit by a car with falling consciousness.
EMS ScenarioActive shooter casualty
Gunshot to the thigh during a high-threat event (warm zone care).
EMS ScenarioSpinal injury after diving
Young man who dove into shallow water and cannot move his legs.
EMS ScenarioMass casualty triage
Bus crash: triage patients with START.
EMS ScenarioUnknown overdose (tricyclic)
Woman with an empty pill bottle, confusion and a wide QRS.
EMS ScenarioOrganophosphate poisoning
Farm worker drooling, vomiting, with pinpoint pupils.
EMS ScenarioRadiation exposure
Industrial worker near a radiation source with early vomiting.
EMS ScenarioChemical burn to the skin
Worker splashed with a strong alkali.
EMS ScenarioStimulant overdose
Young man after cocaine with chest pain, agitation and high temperature.
EMS ScenarioCyanide poisoning from smoke
House fire victim, confused with low blood pressure.
EMS ScenarioBeta-blocker overdose
Man who took his metoprolol bottle: slow pulse, low pressure, low sugar.
EMS ScenarioRattlesnake bite
Hiker bitten on the ankle with spreading swelling.
EMS ScenarioCalcium channel blocker overdose
Woman after taking extra amlodipine, profound hypotension.
EMS ScenarioCarbon monoxide poisoning
Family with headaches in a home with a faulty heater.
EMS ScenarioFentanyl overdose in the field
Unresponsive young woman in a public restroom.
EMS ScenarioChlorine gas exposure
Pool worker coughing after mixing chemicals.
EMS ScenarioPepper spray exposure
Protester with burning eyes and cough after pepper spray.
EMS ScenarioHeat stroke
Runner collapsed at a marathon, confused and very hot.
EMS ScenarioHypothermia
Older man found outside overnight in winter.
EMS ScenarioDrowning
Child pulled from a pool, not breathing.
EMS ScenarioDiving injury, decompression illness
Scuba diver with joint pain and confusion after a fast ascent.
EMS ScenarioHigh-altitude illness
Climber with headache, breathlessness and confusion at 4,000 m.
EMS ScenarioTASER injury
Man in police custody after a conducted electrical weapon.
EMS ScenarioHigh-voltage electrical injury
Electrician with entry and exit burns after a high-voltage shock.
EMS ScenarioLightning strike, reverse triage
Two golfers struck by lightning; one in arrest.
OSCE CaseDilated cardiomyopathy
Man with months of fatigue, orthopnea and a large heart after heavy drinking.
OSCE CaseHypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Teen athlete who fainted during soccer, murmur louder with Valsalva.
OSCE CaseRestrictive cardiomyopathy
Older man with heart failure, normal heart size and amyloid clues.
OSCE CaseStress (takotsubo) cardiomyopathy
Woman with chest pain after her husband's death, normal arteries.
OSCE CaseAtrial fibrillation
Palpitations and an irregularly irregular pulse.
OSCE CaseAtrial flutter
Palpitations with a steady rate of 150.
OSCE CaseAtrial tachycardia
Woman with digoxin toxicity and a regular narrow tachycardia.
OSCE CaseAtrioventricular block
Dizzy man with dropped beats on the ECG.
OSCE CaseSymptomatic bradycardia
Woman with fatigue and heart rate 40 on a beta blocker.
OSCE CaseBundle branch block
Preoperative ECG shows a new left bundle branch block.
OSCE CaseIdioventricular rhythm
Slow wide rhythm after opening a blocked artery.
OSCE CaseJunctional rhythm
Slow regular rhythm without P waves in an older woman.
OSCE CasePremature ventricular contractions
Young woman feeling skipped beats with coffee.
OSCE CaseQT prolongation
Woman who fainted after starting an antibiotic and an antinausea drug.
OSCE CaseSick sinus syndrome
Older man with alternating fast and slow heart rates and dizziness.
OSCE CaseSinus arrhythmia
Healthy child whose heart rate changes with breathing.
OSCE CaseTorsades de pointes
Hospitalized patient with polymorphic VT on the monitor.
OSCE CaseVentricular fibrillation
In-hospital collapse with VF.
OSCE CaseVentricular tachycardia
Man with old MI, palpitations and a wide regular tachycardia.
OSCE CaseAtrial septal defect
Young adult with exercise intolerance and a fixed split S2.
OSCE CaseCoarctation of the aorta
Teen with high blood pressure in the arms and weak leg pulses.
OSCE CasePatent ductus arteriosus
Premature baby with a machine-like murmur and bounding pulses.
OSCE CasePatent foramen ovale
Young woman with a stroke and no risk factors.
OSCE CaseTetralogy of Fallot
Toddler who squats after running and turns blue.
OSCE CaseTransposition of the great vessels
Newborn deeply blue in the first hours, no response to oxygen.
OSCE CaseVentricular septal defect
Infant with a loud holosystolic murmur and sweating with feeds.
OSCE CaseStable angina
Chest pressure with exertion that goes away with rest.
OSCE CaseNSTEMI
Woman with chest pain at rest, ST depression and positive troponin.
OSCE CaseAnterior STEMI
Man with crushing chest pain and ST elevation V1-V4.
OSCE CaseUnstable angina
Worsening angina now at rest, normal troponin.
OSCE CaseAtherosclerosis risk visit
Middle-aged smoker for a cardiovascular risk check.
OSCE CasePrimary hypertension
New high blood pressure at a routine visit.
OSCE CaseSecondary hypertension
Young woman with resistant hypertension and low potassium.
OSCE CaseHypertensive emergency
Severe blood pressure with headache, confusion and vision changes.
OSCE CaseOrthostatic hypotension
Older man dizzy on standing after a new prostate pill.
OSCE CaseVasovagal syncope
Student who fainted while blood was drawn.
OSCE CaseLipid disorder
Young man with very high LDL and tendon xanthomas.
OSCE CaseCardiogenic shock
Large MI with cold, wet skin and low pressure.
OSCE CaseSeptic (distributive) shock
Woman with pneumonia, warm skin and low pressure.
OSCE CaseHypovolemic shock
Man vomiting blood with fast pulse and low pressure.
OSCE CaseObstructive shock
Post-op patient with sudden hypotension, JVD and hypoxia.
OSCE CaseCardiac tamponade
Cancer patient with low pressure, muffled heart sounds and JVD.
OSCE CaseInfective endocarditis
Injection drug user with fever, new murmur and finger lesions.
OSCE CaseMyocarditis
Young man with chest pain and heart failure after a viral illness.
OSCE CasePericardial effusion
Woman with lupus, breathlessness and an enlarged heart shadow.
OSCE CaseAcute pericarditis
Sharp chest pain better leaning forward with a friction rub.
OSCE CaseAortic stenosis
Older man with exertional chest pain, syncope and a crescendo-decrescendo murmur.
OSCE CaseMitral regurgitation
Woman with breathlessness and a holosystolic apical murmur to the axilla.
OSCE CasePulmonic stenosis
Child with a systolic ejection murmur at the left upper sternal border and an ejection click.
OSCE CaseTricuspid regurgitation
Patient with pulmonary hypertension, pulsatile liver and a murmur louder on inspiration.
OSCE CaseAortic dissection
Tearing chest pain to the back with unequal arm pressures.
OSCE CaseAcute arterial embolism
Woman in atrial fibrillation with a sudden cold, painful leg.
OSCE CaseArteriovenous malformation of a limb
Young man with a warm, pulsing swelling on the forearm.
OSCE CaseDeep venous thrombosis (outpatient)
Woman on birth control with a swollen calf after a flight.
OSCE CaseGiant cell arteritis
Older woman with new headache, jaw pain when chewing and scalp tenderness.
OSCE CasePeripheral artery disease
Smoker with calf pain when walking that goes away with rest.
OSCE CaseSuperficial thrombophlebitis
Red, tender cord on the arm after an IV.
OSCE CaseVaricose veins
Woman with bulging leg veins and aching legs at the end of the day.
OSCE CaseChronic venous insufficiency
Older man with brown skin and a shallow ulcer above the ankle.
OSCE CaseChronic heart failure follow-up
Stable heart failure visit: optimize medicines and teach self-care.
OSCE CaseAcne vulgaris
Teen with blackheads, pimples and a few deep nodules.
OSCE CaseFolliculitis
Man with itchy pustules after a hot tub.
OSCE CasePerioral dermatitis
Woman with bumps around the mouth after using steroid cream.
OSCE CaseRosacea
Fair-skinned woman with facial flushing and bumps.
OSCE CaseErythema multiforme
Young man with target lesions on palms after a cold sore.
OSCE CaseStevens-Johnson syndrome
Woman with painful rash, blistering lips and red eyes after starting a new drug.
OSCE CaseToxic epidermal necrolysis
Man with skin peeling off in sheets after allopurinol.
OSCE CaseAlopecia areata
Child with round smooth bald patches.
OSCE CaseOnychomycosis
Diabetic with thick yellow crumbly toenails.
OSCE CaseParonychia / felon
Cook with a red painful swollen nail fold.
OSCE CaseInsect bite reaction
Child with large itchy swelling after a mosquito bite.
OSCE CaseCellulitis
Man with a hot red spreading leg after a scratch.
OSCE CaseErysipelas
Older woman with a sharply raised bright red face plaque and fever.
OSCE CaseImpetigo
Child with honey-colored crusts around the nose.
OSCE CaseCutaneous candidiasis
Obese diabetic with a red moist rash under the breasts.
OSCE CaseTinea corporis
Wrestler with an itchy ring-shaped rash.
OSCE CaseHead lice
Child with itchy scalp and nits on hair.
OSCE CaseScabies
Nursing home resident with intense night itch and burrows between fingers.
OSCE CaseCondyloma acuminatum
Young man with painless warty growths on the penis.
OSCE CaseViral exanthem
Child with fever then a pink rash spreading from face.
OSCE CaseHand-foot-and-mouth disease
Toddler with mouth sores and spots on hands and feet.
OSCE CaseHerpes simplex (cold sores)
Woman with tingling then blisters on the lip.
OSCE CaseMolluscum contagiosum
Child with pearly dimpled bumps on the trunk.
OSCE CaseHerpes zoster (shingles)
Older man with a band of painful blisters on one side of the chest.
OSCE CaseCommon warts
Child with rough bumps on fingers.
OSCE CaseAtopic dermatitis
Infant with itchy red patches on cheeks and skin creases.
OSCE CaseContact dermatitis
Hiker with itchy linear blisters on the legs.
OSCE CaseDrug eruption
Patient with a widespread red rash a week after starting an antibiotic.
OSCE CaseHand eczema (dyshidrotic)
Nurse with itchy tiny blisters on the sides of the fingers.
OSCE CaseLichen planus
Woman with itchy purple flat bumps on the wrists and white lace in the mouth.
OSCE CasePityriasis rosea
Teen with a single scaly patch then many oval spots on the trunk.
OSCE CasePsoriasis
Man with thick silvery plaques on elbows and knees and stiff fingers.
OSCE CaseSeborrheic dermatitis
Man with greasy scale on the scalp, eyebrows and beside the nose.
OSCE CaseMelasma
Pregnant woman with brown patches on her cheeks.
OSCE CaseVitiligo
Young man with white patches on hands and around the mouth.
OSCE CaseBurn, partial thickness
Child with a scald burn from a spilled kettle.
OSCE CaseLaceration
Cook with a clean cut on the palm from a knife.
OSCE CasePressure injury
Bedbound patient with a sore over the sacrum.
OSCE CaseCherry angioma
Older man worried about red dots on his chest.
OSCE CaseInfantile hemangioma
Baby with a growing strawberry mark near the eye.
OSCE CasePurpura
Child with leg spots, belly pain and joint pain after a cold.
OSCE CaseStasis dermatitis
Older woman with brown itchy lower legs and varicose veins.
OSCE CaseTelangiectasia
Man with nosebleeds and red spots on lips and fingers.
OSCE CaseBullous pemphigoid
Older man with tense itchy blisters on the limbs.
OSCE CasePemphigus vulgaris
Middle-aged woman with painful mouth erosions and fragile skin blisters.
OSCE CaseAcanthosis nigricans
Teen with dark velvety skin on the neck.
OSCE CaseHidradenitis suppurativa
Young woman with recurrent painful lumps and tunnels in the armpits.
OSCE CaseEpidermal inclusion cyst
Man with a smelly lump on his back.
OSCE CasePhotosensitivity reaction
Patient with severe sunburn after starting doxycycline.
OSCE CasePilonidal disease
Young man with a painful lump at the top of the buttock crease.
OSCE CaseUrticaria
Woman with itchy wheals that come and go within hours.
OSCE CaseActinic keratosis
Fair-skinned farmer with rough scaly spots on the scalp.
OSCE CaseSeborrheic keratosis
Older woman with stuck-on brown waxy spots.
OSCE CaseBenign skin tumor (dermatofibroma)
Woman with a firm brown bump on her leg that dimples when squeezed.
OSCE CaseMelanoma
Man with a changing mole on his back noticed by his wife.
OSCE CaseDysplastic nevus
Young woman with many atypical moles and family melanoma.
OSCE CaseCushing syndrome
Woman on long-term steroids with round face, purple stretch marks and high sugar.
OSCE CasePheochromocytoma
Man with episodes of headache, sweating and pounding heart with very high BP.
OSCE CasePrimary adrenal insufficiency (Addison)
Woman with tiredness, dark skin, salt craving and low BP.
OSCE CaseType 1 diabetes
Teen with thirst, weight loss and fruity breath.
OSCE CaseType 2 diabetes
Overweight man with high HbA1c at a check-up.
OSCE CaseHypogonadism
Man with low libido, fatigue and small testes.
OSCE CaseMetabolic syndrome
Man with big waist, high BP, sugar and triglycerides.
OSCE CaseMultiple endocrine neoplasia
Man with kidney stones, ulcers and a family history.
OSCE CaseParaneoplastic syndrome (hypercalcemia)
Smoker with confusion, constipation and very high calcium.
OSCE CaseThyroid cancer
Young woman with a hard neck nodule and a hoarse voice.
OSCE CasePrimary hyperparathyroidism
Older woman with high calcium on routine labs.
OSCE CaseHypoparathyroidism
Woman with tingling lips and hand cramps after thyroid surgery.
OSCE CaseAcromegaly
Man whose ring and shoe size keep growing.
OSCE CaseCushing disease
Woman with weight gain, striae and high ACTH from a pituitary tumor.
OSCE CaseDiabetes insipidus
Man passing huge volumes of dilute urine after a head injury.
OSCE CaseShort stature (growth hormone deficiency)
Boy falling off his growth curve.
OSCE CasePituitary adenoma
Man with headaches and bumping into things on both sides.
OSCE CaseProlactinoma
Young woman with no periods and milky discharge.
OSCE CaseSIADH
Older smoker with low sodium and confusion.
OSCE CaseGoiter
Woman with a large painless neck swelling.
OSCE CaseHyperthyroidism (Graves)
Young woman with weight loss, tremor, bulging eyes and fast heart.
OSCE CaseHypothyroidism
Woman with fatigue, cold intolerance and weight gain.
OSCE CaseThyroid nodule
Woman with a nodule found on a CT scan.
OSCE CaseThyroiditis
Woman with a very tender thyroid after a cold.
OSCE CaseConjunctivitis
Young man with a red, sticky eye.
OSCE CaseCataract
Older woman with gradual blurry vision and glare when driving at night.
OSCE CaseCorneal ulcer
Contact lens wearer with a painful red eye and a white spot.
OSCE CaseHerpes simplex keratitis
Man with a red painful eye after a cold sore.
OSCE CaseContact lens keratitis
Teen who swims in her contacts with severe eye pain.
OSCE CasePterygium
Surfer with a fleshy growth on the white of the eye.
OSCE CaseIritis
Man with back stiffness and a painful red eye with light sensitivity.
OSCE CaseScleritis
Woman with rheumatoid arthritis and a deep boring eye pain.
OSCE CaseUveitis
Young woman with floaters and blurry vision with sarcoidosis.
OSCE CaseDacryoadenitis
Child with swelling of the outer upper eyelid after mumps-like illness.
OSCE CaseDacryocystitis
Older woman with a painful swelling beside the nose under the inner eye.
OSCE CaseDacryostenosis (infant)
Baby with a constantly watery, crusty eye since birth.
OSCE CaseDry eye (keratoconjunctivitis sicca)
Woman with gritty dry eyes and dry mouth.
OSCE CaseBlepharitis
Man with crusty, itchy eyelid margins every morning.
OSCE CaseChalazion
Woman with a painless firm lump in her eyelid for weeks.
OSCE CaseEctropion
Older man whose lower eyelid turns outward with tearing.
OSCE CaseEntropion
Older woman with scratchy eye from lashes rubbing the cornea.
OSCE CaseHordeolum (stye)
Painful red bump on the eyelid margin.
OSCE CaseNystagmus
Man with new jerking eyes and dizziness: central or peripheral?.
OSCE CaseOptic neuritis
Young woman with painful eye movements and washed-out colors.
OSCE CasePapilledema
Young obese woman with headaches and transient vision blackouts.
OSCE CaseOrbital cellulitis
Child with swollen eye, pain moving it and proptosis after sinusitis.
OSCE CasePeriorbital cellulitis
Toddler with red swollen eyelid after a bug bite, eye moves normally.
OSCE CaseMacular degeneration
Older woman with distorted straight lines and central blur.
OSCE CaseRetinal detachment
Man with flashes, floaters and a curtain over his vision.
OSCE CaseDiabetic retinopathy
Diabetic at annual eye screening.
OSCE CaseCentral retinal artery occlusion
Older man with sudden painless total vision loss in one eye.
OSCE CaseAmaurosis fugax
Man with a shade coming down over one eye for minutes, then normal.
OSCE CaseAmblyopia
Four-year-old failing a vision screen in one eye.
OSCE CaseAcute angle-closure glaucoma
Woman with a red painful eye, halos and vomiting after the cinema.
OSCE CaseStrabismus
Infant whose eyes cross after 4 months.
OSCE CasePresbyopia
45-year-old holding the menu farther away.
OSCE CaseCerumen impaction
Older man with muffled hearing in one ear after cotton swab use.
OSCE CaseOtitis externa
Swimmer with a painful itchy ear that hurts when the ear is pulled.
OSCE CaseAcoustic neuroma
Woman with slow one-sided hearing loss and ringing.
OSCE CaseEustachian tube dysfunction
Man with a blocked, popping ear after a cold.
OSCE CaseLabyrinthitis
Woman with sudden constant vertigo and hearing loss after a cold.
OSCE CaseBenign paroxysmal positional vertigo
Woman with brief spinning when rolling over in bed.
OSCE CaseCholesteatoma
Man with a foul-smelling ear discharge that won't clear.
OSCE CaseAcute otitis media
Toddler with fever, ear tugging and a bulging eardrum.
OSCE CaseOtosclerosis
Young woman with slowly worsening hearing, worse in pregnancy.
OSCE CaseTympanic membrane perforation
Man with ear pain and blood after a slap to the ear.
OSCE CaseConductive hearing loss
Child with muffled hearing after repeated ear infections.
OSCE CaseSensorineural hearing loss
Man with sudden hearing loss in one ear on waking.
OSCE CaseMastoiditis
Child with ear pushed forward and a red swelling behind it.
OSCE CaseMeniere disease
Woman with attacks of vertigo, ringing and ear fullness for hours.
OSCE CaseTinnitus
Man with constant ringing in both ears after years of loud music.
OSCE CaseForeign body in the ear or nose
Child with a smelly one-sided nasal discharge.
OSCE CaseBarotrauma of the ear
Diver with ear pain and muffled hearing after descent.
OSCE CaseOrbital blowout fracture
Boxer with double vision looking up after a punch to the eye.
OSCE CaseCorneal abrasion
Mechanic with a scratchy painful eye after grinding metal.
OSCE CaseGlobe rupture
Man hit by a fishhook with a teardrop pupil.
OSCE CaseHyphema
Teen hit by a ball with blood in the front of the eye.
OSCE CaseBenign vocal cord nodule
Singing teacher with hoarse voice for months.
OSCE CaseHead and neck cancer
Smoker and drinker with a neck lump and hoarse voice.
OSCE CaseEpistaxis
Older man with a nosebleed that won't stop.
OSCE CaseNasal polyps
Asthmatic who reacts to aspirin and can't smell.
OSCE CaseAllergic rhinitis
Teen with spring sneezing, itchy eyes and clear runny nose.
OSCE CaseAcute sinusitis
Woman with facial pain and green discharge after a cold that got worse.
OSCE CaseAngioedema
Man on an ACE inhibitor with a swollen tongue and lips.
OSCE CaseAphthous ulcers
Student with painful small mouth ulcers during exams.
OSCE CaseOral candidiasis (thrush)
Asthmatic with white patches in the mouth from inhaler.
OSCE CaseDeep neck infection
Man with neck swelling, trouble opening his mouth and fever after a toothache.
OSCE CaseDental abscess
Man with throbbing tooth pain and facial swelling.
OSCE CaseDental caries
Child with many cavities and bottle at bedtime.
OSCE CaseEpiglottitis
Unvaccinated child sitting forward drooling with a high fever.
OSCE CaseGingivitis
Man with bleeding gums when brushing.
OSCE CaseLaryngitis
Woman who lost her voice after a cold and a concert.
OSCE CasePeritonsillar abscess
Young man with severe one-sided sore throat and hot potato voice.
OSCE CaseStreptococcal pharyngitis
Child with fever, sore throat, tonsillar exudate and no cough.
OSCE CaseParotitis
Older patient after surgery with a painful swollen cheek.
OSCE CaseSialadenitis
Man with swelling under the jaw when he eats.
OSCE CaseLeukoplakia
Smoker with a white patch on the tongue that won't scrape off.
OSCE CaseAllergic rhinitis, adult man
Landscaper who sneezes all spring at work and dozes off on his allergy pills.
OSCE CaseAllergic rhinitis, adult woman
Librarian with a blocked nose all year who can't stop using her decongestant spray.
OSCE CaseAcute cholecystitis
Woman with constant right upper quadrant pain and fever after a fatty meal.
OSCE CaseChronic cholecystitis
Repeated short bouts of upper belly pain after meals.
OSCE CaseAscending cholangitis
Older man with fever, jaundice and right upper pain, now confused.
OSCE CaseSymptomatic cholelithiasis
Episodic right upper pain after dinner that settles in a few hours.
OSCE CasePerianal abscess / fistula
Man with a painful throbbing lump next to the anus.
OSCE CaseAnal fissure
Young woman with tearing pain on passing stool and blood on the paper.
OSCE CaseConstipation
Older woman on opioids with hard infrequent stools.
OSCE CaseDiverticulitis
Older man with left lower belly pain and fever.
OSCE CaseFecal impaction
Nursing home resident with overflow diarrhea and a distended belly.
OSCE CaseHemorrhoids
Painless bright red bleeding with bowel movements.
OSCE CaseIleus
Post-op patient with a quiet distended belly and no flatus.
OSCE CaseInflammatory bowel disease
Young adult with bloody diarrhea, cramps and weight loss.
OSCE CaseIrritable bowel syndrome
Young woman with cramps relieved by stool and alternating bowel habits.
OSCE CaseMesenteric ischemia
Older woman with AF and severe belly pain but a soft abdomen.
OSCE CaseLarge bowel obstruction
Older man with weeks of thinner stools, now distended and unable to pass gas.
OSCE CaseColon polyps
Screening visit: 50-year-old with a polyp found on colonoscopy.
OSCE CaseRectal prolapse
Older woman feeling something come out of the anus when straining.
OSCE CaseToxic megacolon
Patient with ulcerative colitis, fever, distension and shock.
OSCE CaseAcute diarrhea
Traveler with watery diarrhea and mild dehydration.
OSCE CaseEsophagitis
Man with painful swallowing after taking pills at bedtime.
OSCE CaseGastroesophageal reflux disease
Burning chest after meals and when lying down.
OSCE CaseMallory-Weiss tear
Young man vomiting blood after a night of heavy drinking.
OSCE CaseAchalasia
Trouble swallowing both solids and liquids with regurgitation of old food.
OSCE CaseEsophageal stricture
Long-time heartburn patient with food now sticking.
OSCE CaseEsophageal varices bleeding
Man with cirrhosis vomiting large amounts of blood.
OSCE CaseZenker diverticulum
Older man with bad breath, gurgling neck and regurgitating food.
OSCE CaseGastritis
Woman with burning upper pain after weeks of ibuprofen.
OSCE CaseGastroparesis
Diabetic with early fullness and vomiting food eaten hours before.
OSCE CasePeptic ulcer disease
Man with burning pain that eases with food and black stools.
OSCE CasePyloric stenosis (infant)
Five-week-old with projectile vomiting after every feed, still hungry.
OSCE CaseAcute hepatitis
Young man with fatigue, dark urine and yellow eyes after travel.
OSCE CaseChronic hepatitis
Positive hepatitis C antibody on screening.
OSCE CaseCirrhosis
Man with heavy drinking history, swollen belly and yellow eyes.
OSCE CaseFatty liver disease
Overweight woman with mildly high liver enzymes on routine labs.
OSCE CasePortal hypertension
Cirrhosis patient with big spleen, low platelets and new ascites.
OSCE CaseInguinal hernia
Man with a groin bulge that appears when he lifts.
OSCE CaseHyperemesis
Pregnant woman at 10 weeks unable to keep anything down.
OSCE CaseForeign body ingestion (child)
Toddler who swallowed a coin or a button battery.
OSCE CasePhenylketonuria
Newborn screen positive for PKU; parents' first visit.
OSCE CaseRickets
Toddler with bowed legs, late walking and little sun.
OSCE CaseBenign liver lesion
Woman on the pill with an incidental liver mass.
OSCE CaseColorectal cancer
Older man with iron deficiency anemia and change in bowel habit.
OSCE CaseFood allergy
Child with hives and lip swelling after eating peanuts.
OSCE CaseVitamin B12 deficiency
Vegan older woman with tingling feet and unsteady walking.
OSCE CaseMalabsorption
Man with chronic pancreatitis, oily stools and weight loss.
OSCE CaseRefeeding syndrome
Malnourished patient on day 2 of feeding with weakness and low phosphate.
OSCE CaseObesity
Adult asking for help with weight; counseling visit.
OSCE CaseAcute pancreatitis
Man with severe epigastric pain going to the back after a binge.
OSCE CaseChronic pancreatitis
Former drinker with recurrent upper pain, diabetes and oily stools.
OSCE Case FreeAcute appendicitis
Young man with pain that moved from the belly button to the right lower quadrant.
OSCE CaseCeliac disease
Woman with bloating, diarrhea, iron deficiency and an itchy rash.
OSCE CaseIntussusception
Infant with bouts of screaming, drawing up legs and red jelly stool.
OSCE CaseSmall bowel obstruction
Woman with past surgery, colicky pain, vomiting and distension.
OSCE CaseSmall bowel polyps (Peutz-Jeghers)
Teen with recurrent belly pain and dark freckles on the lips.
OSCE CaseUpper gastrointestinal bleeding
Older man on aspirin vomiting coffee-ground material.
OSCE CaseBenign prostatic hyperplasia
Older man with weak stream and getting up at night to urinate.
OSCE CaseUrinary incontinence
Woman who leaks urine when coughing or laughing.
OSCE CaseOveractive bladder
Woman with sudden urges and frequent small voids.
OSCE CasePelvic organ (bladder) prolapse
Woman with vaginal bulge and incomplete bladder emptying.
OSCE CaseCryptorchidism
Baby boy with an empty scrotum on one side.
OSCE CasePeyronie disease
Man with curved painful erections and a penile lump.
OSCE CaseGenitourinary trauma
Man with blood at the urethral meatus after pelvic crash injury.
OSCE CaseVesicoureteral reflux
Toddler with second febrile UTI.
OSCE CaseCystitis
Young woman with burning, frequency and urgency.
OSCE CaseEpididymitis
Young man with gradual scrotal pain and burning urination.
OSCE CaseFournier gangrene
Diabetic man with severe perineal pain and black skin.
OSCE CaseOrchitis
Young man with painful swollen testis after mumps.
OSCE CaseProstatitis
Man with fever, perineal pain and a very tender prostate.
OSCE CasePyelonephritis
Woman with fever, flank pain and vomiting.
OSCE CaseUrethritis
Man with clear urethral discharge and burning.
OSCE CaseBladder cancer
Older smoker with painless visible blood in urine.
OSCE CasePenile cancer
Uncircumcised man with a non-healing penile sore.
OSCE CaseProstate cancer
Man with high PSA and a hard prostate nodule.
OSCE CaseTesticular cancer
Young man with a painless hard testicular lump.
OSCE CaseKidney stone
Man writhing with colicky flank pain to the groin.
OSCE CaseErectile dysfunction
Diabetic smoker with erection problems.
OSCE CaseHypospadias
Newborn boy with the urethral opening on the underside.
OSCE CaseParaphimosis
Man with a swollen glans after foreskin left retracted.
OSCE CasePriapism
Man with sickle cell and a painful erection for 5 hours.
OSCE CaseHydrocele / varicocele
Man with a scrotal swelling that glows with a light.
OSCE CaseTesticular torsion
Teen with sudden severe testicular pain and vomiting.
OSCE CaseUrethral prolapse
Girl with painless vaginal spotting and a donut-shaped mass.
OSCE CaseUrethral stricture
Man with weak stream after a past catheter injury.
OSCE CaseAutoimmune hemolytic anemia
Woman with lupus who is pale, jaundiced and tired.
OSCE CaseHemophilia
Boy with a swollen painful knee after a minor fall.
OSCE CaseImmune thrombocytopenia
Child with petechiae and bruises after a cold, otherwise well.
OSCE CaseIron deficiency anemia
Young woman with heavy periods, fatigue and craving ice.
OSCE CaseNeutropenia
Patient on chemo with fever: neutropenic fever.
OSCE CasePolycythemia vera
Man with itching after showers, red face and high hemoglobin.
OSCE CaseThrombocytosis
Woman with high platelets found on labs.
OSCE CaseG6PD deficiency
Man with dark urine after fava beans or a new antibiotic.
OSCE CaseHemochromatosis
Man with fatigue, joint pain, bronze skin and diabetes.
OSCE CaseSickle cell disease
Young man with sickle cell in a severe pain crisis.
OSCE CaseThalassemia
Man with mild microcytic anemia that doesn't respond to iron.
OSCE CaseImmunodeficiency
Child with recurrent sinus and lung infections.
OSCE CaseAcute lymphocytic leukemia
Child with bone pain, bruising, pallor and fever.
OSCE CaseChronic myelogenous leukemia
Man with fatigue, early fullness and a huge spleen.
OSCE CaseLymphoma
Young man with painless neck nodes and night sweats.
OSCE CaseMultiple myeloma
Older man with back pain, anemia, high calcium and kidney injury.
OSCE CaseMyelodysplastic syndrome
Older man with slowly falling counts and transfusion needs.
OSCE CaseTransfusion reaction
Patient with fever, back pain and low BP minutes into a transfusion.
OSCE CaseCat scratch disease (Bartonella)
Child with a swollen armpit node after a kitten scratch.
OSCE CaseBotulism
Family with double vision and descending weakness after home-canned food.
OSCE CaseCampylobacter enteritis
Man with bloody diarrhea after undercooked chicken.
OSCE CaseChancroid
Man with a painful ragged genital ulcer and tender nodes.
OSCE CaseChlamydia
Young woman with new vaginal discharge and bleeding after sex.
OSCE CaseCholera
Aid worker with profuse rice-water diarrhea and shock.
OSCE CaseClostridioides difficile infection
Older patient with watery diarrhea after antibiotics.
OSCE CaseDiphtheria
Unvaccinated child with a gray membrane on the throat and bull neck.
OSCE CaseGonorrhea
Man with purulent urethral discharge.
OSCE CaseMRSA skin abscess
Football player with a red painful boil.
OSCE CaseRheumatic fever
Child with migrating joint pain and a new murmur after a sore throat.
OSCE CaseRocky Mountain spotted fever
Camper with fever, headache and a rash starting on wrists and ankles.
OSCE CaseSalmonellosis
Family with diarrhea and fever after a picnic with eggs.
OSCE CaseShigellosis
Daycare child with bloody diarrhea, fever and a seizure.
OSCE CaseTetanus
Gardener with jaw stiffness and spasms after a puncture wound.
OSCE CaseBlastomycosis
Hunter with pneumonia and warty skin lesions.
OSCE CaseInvasive candidiasis
ICU patient with a central line and fever not responding to antibiotics.
OSCE CaseCoccidioidomycosis
Arizona visitor with cough, fever and painful red shin nodules.
OSCE CaseCryptococcal meningitis
Man with HIV, headache and confusion for 2 weeks.
OSCE CaseHistoplasmosis
Man with fever and cough after cleaning a chicken coop.
OSCE CasePneumocystis pneumonia
Man with HIV, dry cough and breathlessness on exertion.
OSCE CaseAtypical mycobacterial infection
Older woman with chronic cough and bronchiectasis.
OSCE CaseTuberculosis
Man with cough, night sweats, weight loss and hemoptysis.
OSCE CaseAmebiasis
Traveler with bloody diarrhea and later right upper quadrant pain.
OSCE CaseGiardiasis
Hiker with bloating, greasy diarrhea after drinking stream water.
OSCE CaseHelminth infestation
Child from abroad with anemia and abdominal pain.
OSCE CaseMalaria
Traveler back from Africa with cyclic fevers.
OSCE CasePinworms
Child scratching the bottom at night.
OSCE CaseToxoplasmosis
Man with HIV, headache, fever and a new seizure.
OSCE CaseTrichomoniasis
Woman with frothy green discharge and itching.
OSCE CaseCongenital varicella
Newborn with limb scars after maternal chickenpox in pregnancy.
OSCE CaseNeonatal herpes simplex
Ten-day-old with vesicles, poor feeding and fever.
OSCE CasePerinatal HPV (respiratory papillomatosis)
Toddler with progressive hoarseness and noisy breathing.
OSCE CaseCongenital Zika
Newborn with a very small head after maternal travel.
OSCE CaseGroup B streptococcus (newborn)
Day-1 newborn with grunting, fever and poor feeding.
OSCE CasePrion disease (Creutzfeldt-Jakob)
Older man with rapidly progressive dementia and jerks.
OSCE CaseSepsis
Older woman with UTI, low blood pressure and confusion.
OSCE CaseLyme disease
Hiker with an expanding bull's-eye rash.
OSCE CaseSyphilis
Man with a rash on palms and soles after a painless sore.
OSCE CaseCOVID-19
Man with fever, cough, loss of smell and falling oxygen.
OSCE CaseCytomegalovirus infection
Kidney transplant patient with fever and diarrhea.
OSCE CaseInfectious mononucleosis
Student with sore throat, fatigue, posterior neck nodes and big spleen.
OSCE CaseErythema infectiosum (fifth disease)
Child with slapped-cheek rash and lacy body rash.
OSCE CaseGenital herpes
Woman with painful genital blisters and dysuria.
OSCE CaseHIV / AIDS
New HIV diagnosis visit: counseling and starting treatment.
OSCE CaseHPV infection
Abnormal Pap and HPV counseling visit.
OSCE CaseInfluenza
Teacher with sudden fever, body aches and cough in winter.
OSCE CaseMeasles
Unvaccinated child with high fever, cough, red eyes and a spreading rash.
OSCE CaseMumps
Young adult with swollen cheeks and painful testicle.
OSCE CasePolio
Unvaccinated child with fever then sudden floppy leg.
OSCE CaseRabies exposure
Hiker bitten by a bat in a cabin.
OSCE CaseRoseola
Infant with 3 days high fever then a rash when fever breaks.
OSCE CaseRubella
Young woman with rash, joint pain and posterior neck nodes.
OSCE CaseChickenpox
Unvaccinated child with itchy blisters in crops.
OSCE CasePectus excavatum
Teen with a sunken chest and breathlessness in sports.
OSCE CaseRib fracture
Older man with chest pain after a fall onto a chair.
OSCE CaseCompartment syndrome
Young man with a tibia fracture and pain out of proportion in a cast.
OSCE CaseOsteoarthritis
Older woman with knee pain worse with walking and brief morning stiffness.
OSCE CaseOsteomyelitis
Diabetic with a foot ulcer you can probe to bone.
OSCE CaseSeptic arthritis
Man with a hot swollen knee and fever.
OSCE CaseAvascular necrosis of the hip
Man on long-term steroids with groin pain.
OSCE CaseDevelopmental dysplasia of the hip
Newborn girl born breech with a clunking hip.
OSCE CasePatellar tendon rupture
Basketball player who felt a pop below the kneecap and can't straighten.
OSCE CaseHip fracture
Older woman who fell and has a shortened, externally rotated leg.
OSCE CaseOsgood-Schlatter disease
Teen athlete with pain and a bump below the knee.
OSCE CaseSlipped capital femoral epiphysis
Overweight boy with knee pain and a limp.
OSCE CaseAnkle sprain
Runner who rolled her ankle inward.
OSCE CaseAnkylosing spondylitis
Young man with back pain that improves with exercise.
OSCE CaseHerniated disk
Man with back pain shooting down the leg after lifting.
OSCE CaseKyphosis
Teen with rounded upper back that doesn't correct when standing straight.
OSCE CaseScoliosis
Girl with a shoulder that sits higher and a rib hump.
OSCE CaseSpinal stenosis
Older man with leg pain walking that eases when he leans on a shopping cart.
OSCE CaseSpondylolisthesis
Gymnast with low back pain and tight hamstrings.
OSCE CaseSpondylolysis
Teen football player with low back pain on arching.
OSCE CaseLow back strain
Warehouse worker with back pain after lifting, no red flags.
OSCE CaseTorticollis
Baby with head tilted to one side and a neck lump.
OSCE CaseVertebral compression fracture
Older woman with sudden back pain after lifting a pot.
OSCE CaseThoracic outlet syndrome
Swimmer with arm tingling and fatigue when lifting it overhead.
OSCE CaseDistal radius fracture
Older woman who fell on an outstretched hand.
OSCE CaseRotator cuff tear
Painter with shoulder pain and weakness lifting the arm.
OSCE CaseBenign bone tumor
Teen with night leg pain relieved by aspirin.
OSCE CaseOsteosarcoma
Teen with knee pain and a growing hard mass.
OSCE CasePaget disease of bone
Older man with bowed legs, bigger hat size and high ALP.
OSCE CaseMixed connective tissue disease
Woman with puffy hands, Raynaud and joint pain.
OSCE CaseFibromyalgia
Woman with widespread pain, poor sleep and fatigue for years.
OSCE CaseGout
Man with a hot red big toe at night after a feast.
OSCE CaseJuvenile idiopathic arthritis
Child with a swollen knee and morning limp for 2 months.
OSCE CaseOsteoporosis
Postmenopausal woman with a low-trauma fracture.
OSCE CasePolyarteritis nodosa
Man with hepatitis B, foot drop, rash and high blood pressure.
OSCE CasePolymyalgia rheumatica
Older woman with stiff aching shoulders and hips in the morning.
OSCE CasePolymyositis
Woman who can't climb stairs or comb her hair with high CK.
OSCE CaseReactive arthritis
Young man with knee pain, burning urination and red eyes.
OSCE CaseRheumatoid arthritis
Woman with swollen knuckles and long morning stiffness.
OSCE CaseSjogren syndrome
Woman with dry eyes, dry mouth and swollen parotids.
OSCE CaseSystemic lupus erythematosus
Young woman with malar rash, joint pain and protein in urine.
OSCE CaseSystemic sclerosis
Woman with tight shiny fingers, Raynaud and heartburn.
OSCE CaseAchilles tendon rupture
Man who felt a kick behind the ankle playing squash.
OSCE CaseAnterior cruciate ligament tear
Soccer player who twisted her knee and heard a pop.
OSCE CaseMeniscal tear
Man whose knee locks after a twisting squat.
OSCE CaseTibial stress fracture
Recruit with shin pain that started with long marches.
OSCE CaseMetatarsal stress fracture
Runner with forefoot pain after raising her mileage.
OSCE CasePlantar fasciitis
Teacher with heel pain on the first steps of the morning.
OSCE CaseTransient synovitis of the hip
Boy with a limp a week after a cold.
OSCE CaseLegg-Calve-Perthes disease
Boy with a painless limp for two months.
OSCE CaseToddler's fracture
Two-year-old who won't walk after a slide.
OSCE CaseDuchenne muscular dystrophy
Boy who waddles and climbs up his legs to stand.
OSCE CasePubic ramus fracture
Older woman who fell and can still walk, with groin pain.
OSCE CaseLisfranc injury
Man who twisted his foot missing a step, with a swollen midfoot.
OSCE CasePatellar dislocation
Teen whose kneecap slipped out during a dance turn.
OSCE CaseBrain arteriovenous malformation
Young adult with first seizure and a brain AVM.
OSCE CaseCerebral aneurysm (subarachnoid hemorrhage)
Woman with the worst headache of her life during exercise.
OSCE CaseComa
Unresponsive man found at home: structured coma assessment.
OSCE CaseNormal pressure hydrocephalus
Older man with magnetic gait, incontinence and memory loss.
OSCE CaseIntracerebral hemorrhage
Hypertensive man with sudden weakness and headache.
OSCE CaseIschemic stroke
Woman with sudden aphasia and right weakness, 70 minutes ago.
OSCE CaseSyncope
Young woman who fainted at a blood draw.
OSCE CaseTransient ischemic attack
Man with 20 minutes of arm weakness that fully resolved.
OSCE CaseConcussion
Teen soccer player with headache and confusion after a head clash.
OSCE CasePostconcussion syndrome
Woman with headaches and poor concentration months after a car crash.
OSCE CaseTraumatic brain injury
Man hit on the head who talked, then became drowsy.
OSCE CaseBell palsy (cranial nerve palsy)
Woman who woke with one side of her face drooping.
OSCE CaseHepatic encephalopathy
Cirrhosis patient confused with a flapping tremor.
OSCE CaseMild cognitive impairment
Retired teacher worried about forgetting names.
OSCE CaseDelirium
Older woman acutely confused 2 days after hip surgery.
OSCE CaseCerebral palsy
Child with stiff legs and toe walking, born premature.
OSCE CaseMultiple sclerosis
Young woman with painful vision loss in one eye and old tingling episode.
OSCE CaseMyasthenia gravis
Woman with drooping eyelids and double vision worse at night.
OSCE CaseFocal seizure
Man with episodes of staring, lip smacking and no memory.
OSCE CaseGeneralized seizure
College student with a tonic-clonic seizure after an all-nighter.
OSCE CaseStatus epilepticus
Man seizing for 7 minutes and not stopping.
OSCE CaseCauda equina syndrome
Back pain with numb saddle area and trouble passing urine.
OSCE CaseSpinal epidural abscess
IV drug user with fever, severe back pain and new leg weakness.
OSCE CaseSpinal cord injury
Diver with neck injury and no movement in the legs.
OSCE CaseCluster headache
Man with nightly stabbing pain behind one eye and a red, watery eye.
OSCE CaseMigraine
Young woman with recurring one-sided throbbing headaches with flashing lights.
OSCE CaseTension headache
Office worker with band-like headache at the end of the day.
OSCE CaseEncephalitis
Man with fever, confusion, strange behavior and a seizure.
OSCE CaseBacterial meningitis
Student with fever, stiff neck, light sensitivity and a rash.
OSCE CaseEssential tremor
Man whose hands shake when holding a cup, better with a drink.
OSCE CaseHuntington disease
Man with jerky movements, irritability and a family history.
OSCE CaseParkinson disease
Man with a resting tremor in one hand, slow movements and small handwriting.
OSCE CaseRestless legs syndrome
Woman with an urge to move her legs at night that eases with walking.
OSCE CaseTourette disorder
Boy with eye blinking, throat clearing and grunting for over a year.
OSCE CaseTardive dyskinesia
Patient on long-term antipsychotics with lip smacking and tongue movements.
OSCE CaseMeningioma
Woman with slowly worsening headaches and a seizure.
OSCE CaseGlioblastoma
Man with weeks of personality change and new weakness.
OSCE CaseComplex regional pain syndrome
Woman with burning swollen hand weeks after a wrist fracture.
OSCE CaseGuillain-Barre syndrome
Man with legs weakening upward after a stomach bug.
OSCE CaseCarpal tunnel syndrome
Woman with night tingling in the thumb, index and middle fingers.
OSCE CaseDiabetic peripheral neuropathy
Diabetic with burning feet and a numb spot on the sole.
OSCE CaseCervical spondylotic myelopathy
Older man with clumsy hands and stiff legs.
OSCE CaseSydenham chorea
Girl with jerky movements weeks after a sore throat.
OSCE CaseAlcoholic cerebellar degeneration
Man with years of drinking and a wide, unsteady walk.
OSCE CaseCommon peroneal nerve palsy
Man who can't lift his foot after kneeling for days.
OSCE CaseChild abuse
Infant with bruises in unusual places and a story that doesn't fit.
OSCE CaseElder abuse
Older woman with bruises, weight loss and a controlling caregiver.
OSCE CaseIntimate partner violence
Woman with repeated injuries and a partner who waits outside.
OSCE CasePhysical abuse (adult)
Young man with injuries from a roommate who controls him.
OSCE CasePsychological abuse
Woman whose partner checks her phone and isolates her from friends.
OSCE CaseSexual assault
College student presenting after sexual assault.
OSCE CaseGeneralized anxiety disorder
Man who worries about everything for months and can't relax.
OSCE CasePanic disorder
Woman with sudden attacks of chest pounding and fear of dying.
OSCE CaseSpecific phobia
Man who avoids flights for work due to intense fear.
OSCE CaseBipolar disorder
Man who hasn't slept for 4 days, spending wildly and talking fast.
OSCE CaseMajor depressive disorder
Woman with 2 months of low mood, no pleasure and early waking.
OSCE CasePersistent depressive disorder
Man who has felt down most days for years.
OSCE CasePremenstrual dysphoric disorder
Woman with severe mood swings the week before her period.
OSCE CaseSuicidal ideation
Young man who says he has a plan to end his life.
OSCE CasePersonality disorder
Young woman with unstable relationships, self-harm and fear of abandonment.
OSCE CasePsychogenic nonepileptic seizure
Woman with shaking episodes and eyes closed, normal EEG.
OSCE CaseSchizophrenia
Young man hearing voices and withdrawing for a year.
OSCE CaseInsomnia
Woman who can't fall asleep for months.
OSCE CaseSomatic symptom disorder
Man with many symptoms and constant worry despite normal tests.
OSCE CaseAlcohol use disorder
Man with tremor and sweats the morning after stopping drinking.
OSCE CaseAdjustment disorder
Man struggling with low mood after a divorce.
OSCE CaseBereavement
Widow 3 months after her husband's death.
OSCE CasePost-traumatic stress disorder
Veteran with nightmares, flashbacks and avoidance.
OSCE CaseConduct disorder
Teen with fights, cruelty to animals and stealing.
OSCE CaseDissociative disorder
Woman who finds herself in places with no memory of getting there.
OSCE CaseAnorexia nervosa
Teen girl with weight loss, missed periods and slow pulse.
OSCE CaseGender dysphoria
Teen asking for support with gender identity.
OSCE CaseADHD
Boy who can't sit still in class and loses everything.
OSCE CaseAutism spectrum disorder
Toddler with no words, poor eye contact and lining up toys.
OSCE CaseObsessive-compulsive disorder
Student who washes hands for hours due to fear of germs.
OSCE CaseOpioid use disorder
Man asking for help stopping fentanyl, now in withdrawal.
OSCE CaseARDS after pancreatitis
Patient with severe pancreatitis who develops refractory hypoxemia.
OSCE CaseForeign body aspiration in a child
Toddler with sudden cough and one-sided wheeze after eating peanuts.
OSCE CaseHyaline membrane disease
Premature newborn with grunting and ground-glass lungs.
OSCE CaseAcute bronchiolitis
Infant in winter with runny nose, wheeze and poor feeding.
OSCE CaseAcute bronchitis
Adult with 10 days of cough after a cold, normal vitals.
OSCE CaseAcute epiglottitis
Adult with severe sore throat, drooling and muffled voice.
OSCE CaseCroup (clinic)
Child with barky cough at night, mild stridor only when crying.
OSCE CaseEmpyema
Pneumonia that keeps spiking fevers with a dull lung base.
OSCE CaseInfluenza with pneumonia
Older adult with flu who gets worse after a few days.
OSCE CasePertussis
Teen with weeks of coughing fits ending in a whoop and vomiting.
OSCE Case FreeCommunity-acquired bacterial pneumonia
Adult with fever, rusty sputum and lobar consolidation.
OSCE CaseFungal pneumonia (histoplasmosis)
Cave explorer with cough, fever and hilar nodes.
OSCE CaseHIV-related pneumonia
Man newly found to have HIV with subacute dyspnea and desaturation on walking.
OSCE CaseViral pneumonia
Young adult with fever, dry cough and patchy infiltrates during a viral season.
OSCE CaseRSV infection in an infant
Young infant with apnea spells and poor feeding during RSV season.
OSCE CasePulmonary tuberculosis (reactivation)
Immigrant with chronic cough, hemoptysis, night sweats and an apical cavity.
OSCE CaseSolitary pulmonary nodule
Incidental 9 mm lung nodule on a CT in a former smoker.
OSCE CaseLung cancer
Smoker with weight loss, hemoptysis and high calcium.
OSCE CaseCarcinoid tumor
Woman with flushing, diarrhea and wheeze.
OSCE CaseObesity hypoventilation syndrome
Very obese man sleepy in the day with high CO2.
OSCE CaseAsthma exacerbation (clinic)
Teen with worsening asthma control and night cough.
OSCE CaseCOPD exacerbation (clinic)
COPD patient with more sputum and breathlessness after a cold.
OSCE CaseCystic fibrosis
Child with recurrent lung infections, greasy stools and poor growth.
OSCE CasePleural effusion
Man with heart failure and a dull right base.
OSCE CaseCor pulmonale
COPD patient with leg swelling, JVD and a loud P2.
OSCE CaseAcute pulmonary edema (hospital)
Post-op patient who got too much IV fluid and now has pink frothy sputum.
OSCE CasePulmonary embolism (outpatient)
Woman with sudden pleuritic pain and tachycardia after surgery.
OSCE CasePulmonary hypertension
Young woman with exertional breathlessness and fainting on stairs.
OSCE CaseIdiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Older man with dry cough, velcro crackles and clubbing.
OSCE CasePneumoconiosis
Retired coal miner with progressive breathlessness.
OSCE CaseSarcoidosis
Young Black woman with cough, red tender shins and hilar nodes.
OSCE CaseObstructive sleep apnea
Snoring, witnessed pauses and daytime sleepiness.
OSCE CaseSpontaneous pneumothorax
Tall thin young man with sudden one-sided chest pain.
OSCE CaseMetabolic acidosis
Diabetic man with deep breathing and a high anion gap.
OSCE CaseAcute kidney injury, intrinsic
Patient with rising creatinine after IV contrast and gentamicin.
OSCE CaseAcute kidney injury, prerenal
Older woman with vomiting and diarrhea and rising creatinine.
OSCE CaseAcute kidney injury, postrenal
Older man who can't pass urine with a full bladder and high creatinine.
OSCE CaseChronic kidney disease
Diabetic with high BP, protein in urine and declining eGFR.
OSCE CaseHorseshoe kidney
Child with recurrent UTIs and a fused kidney on ultrasound.
OSCE CaseHydronephrosis
Pregnant woman with flank pain and a dilated kidney.
OSCE CasePolycystic kidney disease
Man with flank pain, blood in urine, high BP and big kidneys.
OSCE CaseHyperkalemia
Dialysis patient with weakness and peaked T waves.
OSCE CaseHypervolemia
Patient with heart failure and kidney disease, swollen and breathless.
OSCE CaseRenal cell carcinoma
Smoker with blood in urine, flank pain and a flank mass.
OSCE CaseWilms tumor
Toddler with a painless belly mass found while bathing.
OSCE CaseRenal artery stenosis
Young woman with resistant high blood pressure and a flank bruit.
OSCE CaseRhabdomyolysis
Man found down after a binge with dark urine and sore muscles.
OSCE CaseBreast abscess
Breastfeeding mother with a hot fluctuant breast lump.
OSCE CaseFibroadenoma
Young woman with a mobile rubbery breast lump.
OSCE CaseFibrocystic breast changes
Woman with tender lumpy breasts before her period.
OSCE CaseGalactorrhea
Woman not pregnant with milky nipple discharge and no periods.
OSCE CaseGynecomastia
Teen boy embarrassed by breast enlargement.
OSCE CaseMastitis
Breastfeeding mother with a red tender wedge on the breast and fever.
OSCE CaseCervicitis
Woman with postcoital bleeding and a friable cervix.
OSCE CaseCervical dysplasia
Pap with HSIL: colposcopy counseling.
OSCE CaseContraception counseling
Young woman asking about birth control options.
OSCE CaseSexual health visit
Teen asking for STI testing and PrEP.
OSCE CaseInfertility
Couple unable to conceive after 1 year.
OSCE CaseMenopause
Woman with hot flashes and no period for 13 months.
OSCE CaseAbnormal uterine bleeding
Woman with heavy irregular periods and anemia.
OSCE CaseBenign ovarian tumor
Young woman with pelvic pressure and an ovarian mass.
OSCE CaseBreast cancer
Woman with a hard painless breast lump and skin dimpling.
OSCE CaseOvarian cyst
Young woman with sudden one-sided pelvic pain mid-cycle.
OSCE CasePolycystic ovary syndrome
Woman with irregular periods, acne and extra hair growth.
OSCE CaseOvarian torsion
Teen with sudden severe one-sided pelvic pain and vomiting.
OSCE CasePelvic inflammatory disease
Young woman with lower pain, fever and cervical motion tenderness.
OSCE CasePlacental abruption
Pregnant woman with painful bleeding and a hard uterus after a fall.
OSCE CaseBreech presentation
Woman at 36 weeks with the baby's head felt at the top.
OSCE CaseCervical insufficiency
Woman at 20 weeks with painless cervical dilation.
OSCE CaseCesarean delivery aftercare
Day-3 post-cesarean mother with wound check and pain.
OSCE CaseSpontaneous abortion
Woman at 9 weeks with cramping and bleeding.
OSCE CaseEctopic pregnancy
Woman with missed period, one-sided pain and spotting.
OSCE CaseFetal distress
Laboring woman with late decelerations on the monitor.
OSCE CaseGestational diabetes
Pregnant woman with abnormal glucose test at 26 weeks.
OSCE CaseMolar pregnancy
Woman with heavy vomiting, bleeding and a uterus too big for dates.
OSCE CasePreeclampsia
Pregnant woman at 34 weeks with headache, high BP and swelling.
OSCE CaseNormal labor
Woman in active labor: assessing progress.
OSCE CaseTwin pregnancy
Woman whose uterus is larger than dates at 18 weeks.
OSCE CasePlacenta previa
Pregnant woman at 32 weeks with painless bright red bleeding.
OSCE CasePostpartum visit
Six-week postpartum check.
OSCE CasePostpartum hemorrhage
Woman bleeding heavily right after delivery with a boggy uterus.
OSCE CaseSheehan syndrome
Woman unable to breastfeed after a massive hemorrhage.
OSCE CasePostpartum depression
New mother who feels hopeless and can't sleep even when baby sleeps.
OSCE CasePrenatal visit
First prenatal visit at 9 weeks.
OSCE CasePrelabor rupture of membranes
Woman at 39 weeks with a gush of fluid and no contractions.
OSCE CaseRh incompatibility
Rh-negative pregnant woman at 28 weeks.
OSCE CaseShoulder dystocia
Head delivered but shoulders stuck (turtle sign).
OSCE CaseUmbilical cord prolapse
Cord seen at the vagina after waters break.
OSCE CaseTrauma in pregnancy
Pregnant woman at 30 weeks after a car crash.
OSCE CasePsychological trauma in pregnancy
Pregnant refugee with nightmares and fear of delivery.
OSCE CaseSexual assault in pregnancy
Pregnant woman presenting after sexual assault.
OSCE CaseEndometriosis
Woman with painful periods, painful sex and trouble conceiving.
OSCE CaseUterine fibroids
Woman with heavy periods and an enlarged irregular uterus.
OSCE CaseUterine prolapse
Older woman feeling a bulge coming out of the vagina.
OSCE CaseBartholin gland cyst
Woman with a painful swelling at the vaginal opening.
OSCE CaseCystocele
Woman with urinary leakage and a bulge in the front wall.
OSCE CaseVaginal vault prolapse
Woman post-hysterectomy with a bulge at the top of the vagina.
OSCE CaseRectocele
Woman who needs to press on the vagina to pass stool.
OSCE CaseVaginitis
Woman with fishy discharge after sex.
OSCE CasePelvic girdle pain in pregnancy
Pregnant woman at 34 weeks with pubic pain and a waddling walk.
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Making Synapses cases are written by Alehundred Studios from public exam outlines and guidelines. Making Synapses is not affiliated with, sponsored by or endorsed by FSMB, NBME, NBOME, AAMC, NCCPA, NCSBN, the National Registry of EMTs, NASEMSO, NHTSA, INACSL, the General Medical Council, the Nursing and Midwifery Council, the Centre national de gestion, the Medical Council of Canada, the College of Nurses of Ontario, the British Columbia College of Nurses and Midwives, the Canadian Organization of Paramedic Regulators, the Australian Medical Council, the Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia, Ahpra or any German state authority. USMLE, COMLEX-USA, PANCE, NCLEX, NCLEX-RN, NCLEX-PN, NREMT, PLAB, MCCQE, REx-PN and the other exam names are trademarks of their respective owners and are named only to describe the content each case trains.