Cardiovascular conditions flashcards
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Twenty flashcards on common heart and vessel conditions: key symptoms, signs, tests and first treatment.
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20 cards
- Classic symptom triad of aortic stenosis?
- Chest pain, fainting on exertion, shortness of breath.
- First test in suspected heart attack?
- 12-lead ECG within 10 minutes.
- Heart failure: sound that suggests a failing ventricle?
- S3.
- Blood test that supports heart failure?
- BNP or NT-proBNP.
- Irregularly irregular rhythm with no P waves?
- Atrial fibrillation.
- Stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation?
- Anticoagulation based on stroke risk score.
- Tearing chest pain to the back with unequal arm pressures?
- Aortic dissection.
- Sharp chest pain better leaning forward, with a rub?
- Pericarditis.
- One swollen painful calf after a long flight?
- Deep vein thrombosis.
- Ankle-brachial index that suggests artery disease?
- 0.90 or lower.
- Hypertension stage 2 (AHA/ACC)?
- 140/90 or higher.
- Heart failure drug class that removes fluid?
- Diuretics.
- Beck's triad of cardiac tamponade?
- Low blood pressure, distended neck veins, muffled heart sounds.
- Murmur of mitral regurgitation?
- Holosystolic at the apex, radiating to the armpit.
- Bradycardia with symptoms not responding to atropine?
- Transcutaneous pacing.
- Wide regular tachycardia with a pulse and unstable?
- Synchronized cardioversion.
- Main risk of a very long QT?
- Torsades de pointes.
- Endocarditis risk factor in young adults?
- Injection drug use.
- Pain in calves when walking, better at rest?
- Claudication from peripheral artery disease.
- Dilated cardiomyopathy common reversible cause?
- Heavy alcohol use.