Nervous system anatomy flashcards

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Twenty flashcards on nervous system anatomy: cells, brain regions, blood supply, spinal cord, nerves and autonomic control.

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20 cards

Two main divisions of the nervous system?: Central (brain and spinal cord) and peripheral (nerves and ganglia).
Cells that make myelin in the brain and spinal cord?: Oligodendrocytes.
Dermatome at the level of the umbilicus?: T10.
Why does myelin speed conduction?: Impulses jump between nodes of Ranvier (saltatory conduction).
Main excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain?: Glutamate.
Main inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain?: GABA.
Lobe that holds Broca's area for speech production?: Frontal lobe, usually on the left.
Lobe that processes vision?: Occipital lobe.
What does the cerebellum control?: Coordination, balance and smooth movement.
Artery most often involved in ischemic stroke?: Middle cerebral artery.
Arterial ring at the base of the brain?: Circle of Willis.
Three meninges from outside in?: Dura mater, arachnoid mater and pia mater.
Where is cerebrospinal fluid made?: Choroid plexus in the ventricles.
Adult lumbar puncture level?: L3-L4 or L4-L5, below the end of the spinal cord.
Spinal tract that carries pain and temperature?: Spinothalamic tract.
Nerve injured in wrist drop?: Radial nerve.
Nerve compressed in carpal tunnel syndrome?: Median nerve.
Cranial nerve for facial expression?: Facial nerve (CN VII).
Spinal levels of the knee jerk reflex?: L3 to L4, through the femoral nerve.
Sympathetic effect on pupils and heart rate?: Dilates the pupils and speeds up the heart.