Reading results flashcards
Study the cards, then practice on the patient.
Twenty flashcards on reading common results: ECG, blood gas, labs and imaging basics.
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20 cards
- Normal PR interval?
- 0.12 to 0.20 seconds.
- Normal QRS duration?
- Less than 0.12 seconds.
- PR over 0.20 seconds and constant, every P conducted?
- First-degree AV block.
- PR gets longer until a QRS is dropped?
- Second-degree AV block, Mobitz I (Wenckebach).
- P waves and QRS complexes with no relationship?
- Third-degree (complete) heart block.
- ECG criteria for STEMI?
- New ST elevation of at least 1 mm in two contiguous leads, higher cutoffs in V2 and V3.
- Leads for an inferior STEMI?
- II, III and aVF.
- Normal arterial blood gas values?
- pH 7.35 to 7.45, PaCO2 35 to 45 mmHg, HCO3 22 to 26 mEq/L.
- Low pH with high PaCO2?
- Respiratory acidosis.
- Expected PaCO2 in metabolic acidosis (Winter formula)?
- 1.5 times HCO3, plus 8, plus or minus 2.
- Normal serum potassium?
- 3.5 to 5.0 mEq/L.
- Safe limit for correcting chronic low sodium?
- No more than 8 mEq/L in 24 hours.
- Microcytic anemia with low ferritin?
- Iron deficiency anemia.
- Usual INR target on warfarin?
- 2 to 3.
- HbA1c that diagnoses diabetes?
- 6.5% or higher.
- High TSH with low free T4?
- Primary hypothyroidism.
- CSF with high neutrophils, high protein and low glucose?
- Bacterial meningitis.
- Lens-shaped bleed on CT head that does not cross sutures?
- Epidural hematoma.
- Spirometry ratio that shows obstruction?
- FEV1/FVC below 0.70.
- Normal end-tidal CO2?
- 35 to 45 mmHg.