Skin anatomy flashcards
Study the cards, then practice on the patient.
Twenty flashcards on skin anatomy: layers, glands, burns, pressure injuries, skin cancer and wound healing.
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20 cards
- Three layers of skin from outside in?
- Epidermis, dermis and hypodermis (subcutaneous tissue).
- Outermost layer of the epidermis?
- Stratum corneum, made of dead keratin-filled cells.
- Cells that make skin pigment?
- Melanocytes, in the basal layer.
- Does the epidermis have blood vessels?
- No; it is fed by diffusion from the dermis.
- Gland that releases sweat for cooling?
- Eccrine sweat gland.
- Glands that make sebum?
- Sebaceous glands, usually attached to hair follicles.
- Vitamin made in the skin with sunlight?
- Vitamin D.
- Superficial (first-degree) burn appearance?
- Red, painful and dry with no blisters; epidermis only.
- Hallmark of a partial-thickness burn?
- Blisters and a moist, very painful wound.
- Why can full-thickness burns be painless?
- Nerve endings in the dermis are destroyed.
- Adult rule of nines: one whole arm?
- 9 percent of body surface area.
- Where do pressure injuries most often form?
- Over bony areas such as the sacrum and heels.
- Main cause of a pressure injury?
- Sustained pressure that cuts off blood flow, worsened by shear and moisture.
- Sign of a stage 1 pressure injury?
- Intact skin with redness that does not blanch.
- Most common skin cancer?
- Basal cell carcinoma.
- ABCDE of melanoma?
- Asymmetry, Border irregularity, Color variation, Diameter over 6 mm, Evolving.
- Deadliest common skin cancer?
- Melanoma.
- Four phases of wound healing?
- Hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation and remodeling.
- Cell that lays down collagen in a healing wound?
- Fibroblast.
- Healing by secondary intention means?
- The wound is left open and fills in from the base with granulation tissue.